/*------------------------------------------------------------------------/ / Bitbanging MMCv3/SDv1/SDv2 (in SPI mode) control module /-------------------------------------------------------------------------/ / / Copyright (C) 2012, ChaN, all right reserved. / / * This software is a free software and there is NO WARRANTY. / * No restriction on use. You can use, modify and redistribute it for / personal, non-profit or commercial products UNDER YOUR RESPONSIBILITY. / * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice. / /--------------------------------------------------------------------------/ Features and Limitations: * Very Easy to Port It uses only 4 bit of GPIO port. No interrupt, no SPI port is used. * Platform Independent You need to modify only a few macros to control GPIO ports. * Low Speed The data transfer rate will be several times slower than hardware SPI. /-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ #include "diskio.h" /* Common include file for FatFs and disk I/O layer */ /*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* Platform dependent macros and functions needed to be modified */ /*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ #include /* Include device specific declaration file here */ #define INIT_PORT() init_port() /* Initialize MMC control port (CS=H, CLK=L, DI=H, DO=in) */ #define DLY_US(n) bcm2835_delayMicroseconds(n) /* Delay n microseconds */ #define CS_H() bcm2835_gpio_set(RPI_V2_GPIO_P1_07) /* Set MMC CS "high" */ #define CS_L() bcm2835_gpio_clr(RPI_V2_GPIO_P1_07) /* Set MMC CS "low" */ #define CK_H() bcm2835_gpio_set(RPI_V2_GPIO_P1_12) /* Set MMC SCLK "high" */ #define CK_L() bcm2835_gpio_clr(RPI_V2_GPIO_P1_12) /* Set MMC SCLK "low" */ #define DI_H() bcm2835_gpio_set(RPI_V2_GPIO_P1_13) /* Set MMC DI "high" */ #define DI_L() bcm2835_gpio_clr(RPI_V2_GPIO_P1_13) /* Set MMC DI "low" */ #define DO bcm2835_gpio_lev(RPI_V2_GPIO_P1_11) /* Test for MMC DO ('H':true, 'L':false) */ static void inline init_port(void) { bcm2835_init(); bcm2835_gpio_fsel(RPI_V2_GPIO_P1_12, BCM2835_GPIO_FSEL_OUTP); // CLK / CK bcm2835_gpio_clr(RPI_V2_GPIO_P1_12); bcm2835_gpio_fsel(RPI_V2_GPIO_P1_13, BCM2835_GPIO_FSEL_OUTP); // MOSI / DI bcm2835_gpio_set(RPI_V2_GPIO_P1_13); bcm2835_gpio_fsel(RPI_V2_GPIO_P1_07, BCM2835_GPIO_FSEL_OUTP); // CE1 / CS bcm2835_gpio_set(RPI_V2_GPIO_P1_07); bcm2835_gpio_fsel(RPI_V2_GPIO_P1_11, BCM2835_GPIO_FSEL_INPT); // MISO / DO } /*-------------------------------------------------------------------------- Module Private Functions ---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* MMC/SD command (SPI mode) */ #define CMD0 (0) /* GO_IDLE_STATE */ #define CMD1 (1) /* SEND_OP_COND */ #define ACMD41 (0x80+41) /* SEND_OP_COND (SDC) */ #define CMD8 (8) /* SEND_IF_COND */ #define CMD9 (9) /* SEND_CSD */ #define CMD10 (10) /* SEND_CID */ #define CMD12 (12) /* STOP_TRANSMISSION */ #define CMD13 (13) /* SEND_STATUS */ #define ACMD13 (0x80+13) /* SD_STATUS (SDC) */ #define CMD16 (16) /* SET_BLOCKLEN */ #define CMD17 (17) /* READ_SINGLE_BLOCK */ #define CMD18 (18) /* READ_MULTIPLE_BLOCK */ #define CMD23 (23) /* SET_BLOCK_COUNT */ #define ACMD23 (0x80+23) /* SET_WR_BLK_ERASE_COUNT (SDC) */ #define CMD24 (24) /* WRITE_BLOCK */ #define CMD25 (25) /* WRITE_MULTIPLE_BLOCK */ #define CMD41 (41) /* SEND_OP_COND (ACMD) */ #define CMD55 (55) /* APP_CMD */ #define CMD58 (58) /* READ_OCR */ static DSTATUS Stat = STA_NOINIT; /* Disk status */ static BYTE CardType; /* b0:MMC, b1:SDv1, b2:SDv2, b3:Block addressing */ /*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* Transmit bytes to the card (bitbanging) */ /*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/ static inline void xmit_mmc ( const BYTE* buff, /* Data to be sent */ UINT bc /* Number of bytes to send */ ) { BYTE d; do { d = *buff++; /* Get a byte to be sent */ if (d & 0x80) DI_H(); else DI_L(); /* bit7 */ CK_H(); CK_L(); if (d & 0x40) DI_H(); else DI_L(); /* bit6 */ CK_H(); CK_L(); if (d & 0x20) DI_H(); else DI_L(); /* bit5 */ CK_H(); CK_L(); if (d & 0x10) DI_H(); else DI_L(); /* bit4 */ CK_H(); CK_L(); if (d & 0x08) DI_H(); else DI_L(); /* bit3 */ CK_H(); CK_L(); if (d & 0x04) DI_H(); else DI_L(); /* bit2 */ CK_H(); CK_L(); if (d & 0x02) DI_H(); else DI_L(); /* bit1 */ CK_H(); CK_L(); if (d & 0x01) DI_H(); else DI_L(); /* bit0 */ CK_H(); CK_L(); } while (--bc); } /*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* Receive bytes from the card (bitbanging) */ /*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/ static inline void rcvr_mmc ( BYTE *buff, /* Pointer to read buffer */ UINT bc /* Number of bytes to receive */ ) { BYTE r; DI_H(); /* Send 0xFF */ do { r = 0; if (DO) r++; /* bit7 */ CK_H(); CK_L(); r <<= 1; if (DO) r++; /* bit6 */ CK_H(); CK_L(); r <<= 1; if (DO) r++; /* bit5 */ CK_H(); CK_L(); r <<= 1; if (DO) r++; /* bit4 */ CK_H(); CK_L(); r <<= 1; if (DO) r++; /* bit3 */ CK_H(); CK_L(); r <<= 1; if (DO) r++; /* bit2 */ CK_H(); CK_L(); r <<= 1; if (DO) r++; /* bit1 */ CK_H(); CK_L(); r <<= 1; if (DO) r++; /* bit0 */ CK_H(); CK_L(); *buff++ = r; /* Store a received byte */ } while (--bc); } /*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* Wait for card ready */ /*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/ static inline int wait_ready (void) /* 1:OK, 0:Timeout */ { BYTE d; volatile unsigned int* st_clo = (unsigned int *) BCM2835_ST_CLO; unsigned int compare = *st_clo + 500000; do { rcvr_mmc(&d, 1); if (d == 0xFF) { return 1; } } while (*st_clo < compare); return 0; } /*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* Deselect the card and release SPI bus */ /*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/ static inline void deselect (void) { CS_H(); } /*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* Select the card and wait for ready */ /*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/ static inline int select (void) /* 1:OK, 0:Timeout */ { CS_L(); if (wait_ready()) return 1; /* OK */ deselect(); return 1; } /*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* Receive a data packet from the card */ /*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/ static int rcvr_datablock ( /* 1:OK, 0:Failed */ BYTE *buff, /* Data buffer to store received data */ UINT btr /* Byte count */ ) { BYTE d[2]; volatile unsigned int* st_clo = (unsigned int *) BCM2835_ST_CLO; unsigned int compare = *st_clo + 100000; /* Wait for data packet in timeout of 100ms */ do { rcvr_mmc(d, 1); if (d[0] != 0xFF) break; } while (*st_clo < compare); if (d[0] != 0xFE) return 0; /* If not valid data token, return with error */ rcvr_mmc(buff, btr); /* Receive the data block into buffer */ rcvr_mmc(d, 2); /* Discard CRC */ return 1; /* Return with success */ } /*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* Send a data packet to the card */ /*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/ static int xmit_datablock ( /* 1:OK, 0:Failed */ const BYTE *buff, /* 512 byte data block to be transmitted */ BYTE token /* Data/Stop token */ ) { BYTE d[2]; if (!wait_ready()) return 0; d[0] = token; xmit_mmc(d, 1); /* Xmit a token */ if (token != 0xFD) { /* Is it data token? */ xmit_mmc(buff, 512); /* Xmit the 512 byte data block to MMC */ rcvr_mmc(d, 2); /* Xmit dummy CRC (0xFF,0xFF) */ rcvr_mmc(d, 1); /* Receive data response */ if ((d[0] & 0x1F) != 0x05) /* If not accepted, return with error */ return 0; } return 1; } /*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* Send a command packet to the card */ /*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/ static BYTE send_cmd ( /* Returns command response (bit7==1:Send failed)*/ BYTE cmd, /* Command byte */ DWORD arg /* Argument */ ) { BYTE n, d, buf[6]; if (cmd & 0x80) { /* ACMD is the command sequense of CMD55-CMD */ cmd &= 0x7F; n = send_cmd(CMD55, 0); if (n > 1) return n; } /* Select the card and wait for ready */ deselect(); if (!select()) return 0xFF; /* Send a command packet */ buf[0] = 0x40 | cmd; /* Start + Command index */ buf[1] = (BYTE)(arg >> 24); /* Argument[31..24] */ buf[2] = (BYTE)(arg >> 16); /* Argument[23..16] */ buf[3] = (BYTE)(arg >> 8); /* Argument[15..8] */ buf[4] = (BYTE)arg; /* Argument[7..0] */ n = 0x01; /* Dummy CRC + Stop */ if (cmd == CMD0) n = 0x95; /* (valid CRC for CMD0(0)) */ if (cmd == CMD8) n = 0x87; /* (valid CRC for CMD8(0x1AA)) */ buf[5] = n; xmit_mmc(buf, 6); /* Receive command response */ if (cmd == CMD12) rcvr_mmc(&d, 1); /* Skip a stuff byte when stop reading */ n = 10; /* Wait for a valid response in timeout of 10 attempts */ do rcvr_mmc(&d, 1); while ((d & 0x80) && --n); return d; /* Return with the response value */ } /*-------------------------------------------------------------------------- Public Functions ---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ /*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* Get Disk Status */ /*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/ DSTATUS disk_status ( BYTE pdrv /* Drive number (always 0) */ ) { DSTATUS s; BYTE d; if (pdrv) return STA_NOINIT; /* Check if the card is kept initialized */ s = Stat; if (!(s & STA_NOINIT)) { if (send_cmd(CMD13, 0)) /* Read card status */ s = STA_NOINIT; rcvr_mmc(&d, 1); /* Receive following half of R2 */ deselect(); } Stat = s; return s; } /*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* Initialize Disk Drive */ /*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/ DSTATUS disk_initialize ( BYTE pdrv /* Physical drive nmuber (0) */ ) { BYTE b,ty, cmd, buf[4]; UINT i, tmr; DSTATUS s; if (pdrv) return RES_NOTRDY; init_port(); CS_H(); for (i = 0; i < 10; i++) { rcvr_mmc(&b, 1); } CS_L(); rcvr_mmc(&b, 1); rcvr_mmc(&b, 1); ty = 0; if (send_cmd(CMD0, 0) == 1) { if (send_cmd(CMD8, 0x1AA) == 1) { rcvr_mmc(buf, 4); /* Get trailing return value of R7 resp */ if (buf[2] == 0x01 && buf[3] == 0xAA) { for (tmr = 1000; tmr; tmr--) { /* Wait for leaving idle state (ACMD41 with HCS bit) */ if (send_cmd(ACMD41, 1UL << 30) == 0) break; DLY_US(1000); } if (tmr && send_cmd(CMD58, 0) == 0) { rcvr_mmc(buf, 4); ty = (buf[0] & 0x40) ? CT_SD2 | CT_BLOCK : CT_SD2; /* SDv2 */ } } } else { /* SDv1 or MMCv3 */ if (send_cmd(ACMD41, 0) <= 1) { ty = CT_SD1; cmd = ACMD41; /* SDv1 */ } else { ty = CT_MMC; cmd = CMD1; /* MMCv3 */ } for (tmr = 1000; tmr; tmr--) { /* Wait for leaving idle state */ if (send_cmd(cmd, 0) == 0) break; DLY_US(1000); } if (!tmr || send_cmd(CMD16, 512) != 0) /* Set R/W block length to 512 */ ty = 0; } } CardType = ty; s = ty ? 0 : STA_NOINIT; Stat = s; deselect(); return s; } /*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* Read Sector(s) */ /*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/ DRESULT disk_read ( BYTE pdrv, /* Physical drive nmuber (0) */ BYTE *buff, /* Pointer to the data buffer to store read data */ DWORD sector, /* Start sector number (LBA) */ BYTE count /* Sector count (1..128) */ ) { if (disk_status(pdrv) & STA_NOINIT) return RES_NOTRDY; if (!count) return RES_PARERR; if (!(CardType & CT_BLOCK)) sector *= 512; /* Convert LBA to byte address if needed */ if (count == 1) { if ((send_cmd(CMD17, sector) == 0) /* READ_SINGLE_BLOCK */ && rcvr_datablock(buff, 512)) count = 0; } else { if (send_cmd(CMD18, sector) == 0) { /* READ_MULTIPLE_BLOCK */ do { if (!rcvr_datablock(buff, 512)) break; buff += 512; } while (--count); send_cmd(CMD12, 0); /* STOP_TRANSMISSION */ } } deselect(); return count ? RES_ERROR : RES_OK; } /*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* Write Sector(s) */ /*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/ DRESULT disk_write ( BYTE pdrv, /* Physical drive nmuber (0) */ const BYTE *buff, /* Pointer to the data to be written */ DWORD sector, /* Start sector number (LBA) */ BYTE count /* Sector count (1..128) */ ) { if (disk_status(pdrv) & STA_NOINIT) return RES_NOTRDY; if (!count) return RES_PARERR; if (!(CardType & CT_BLOCK)) sector *= 512; /* Convert LBA to byte address if needed */ if (count == 1) { /* Single block write */ if ((send_cmd(CMD24, sector) == 0) /* WRITE_BLOCK */ && xmit_datablock(buff, 0xFE)) count = 0; } else { /* Multiple block write */ if (CardType & CT_SDC) send_cmd(ACMD23, count); if (send_cmd(CMD25, sector) == 0) { /* WRITE_MULTIPLE_BLOCK */ do { if (!xmit_datablock(buff, 0xFC)) break; buff += 512; } while (--count); if (!xmit_datablock(0, 0xFD)) /* STOP_TRAN token */ count = 1; } } deselect(); return count ? RES_ERROR : RES_OK; } /*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* Miscellaneous Functions */ /*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/ DRESULT disk_ioctl ( BYTE pdrv, /* Physical drive nmuber (0) */ BYTE cmd, /* Control code */ void *buff /* Buffer to send/receive control data */ ) { DRESULT res; BYTE n, csd[16]; DWORD cs; if (disk_status(pdrv) & STA_NOINIT) return RES_NOTRDY; /* Check if card is in the socket */ res = RES_ERROR; switch (cmd) { case CTRL_SYNC : /* Make sure that no pending write process */ if (select()) { deselect(); res = RES_OK; } break; case GET_SECTOR_COUNT : /* Get number of sectors on the disk (DWORD) */ if ((send_cmd(CMD9, 0) == 0) && rcvr_datablock(csd, 16)) { if ((csd[0] >> 6) == 1) { /* SDC ver 2.00 */ cs = csd[9] + ((WORD)csd[8] << 8) + ((DWORD)(csd[7] & 63) << 8) + 1; *(DWORD*)buff = cs << 10; } else { /* SDC ver 1.XX or MMC */ n = (csd[5] & 15) + ((csd[10] & 128) >> 7) + ((csd[9] & 3) << 1) + 2; cs = (csd[8] >> 6) + ((WORD)csd[7] << 2) + ((WORD)(csd[6] & 3) << 10) + 1; *(DWORD*)buff = cs << (n - 9); } res = RES_OK; } break; case GET_BLOCK_SIZE : /* Get erase block size in unit of sector (DWORD) */ *(DWORD*)buff = 128; res = RES_OK; break; default: res = RES_PARERR; } deselect(); return res; } /*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* This function is defined for only project compatibility */ void disk_timerproc (void) { /* Nothing to do */ } /*---------------------------------------------------------*/ /* User Provided Timer Function for FatFs module */ /*---------------------------------------------------------*/ DWORD get_fattime (void) { return ((DWORD)(2012 - 1980) << 25) /* Year = 2012 */ | ((DWORD)1 << 21) /* Month = 1 */ | ((DWORD)1 << 16) /* Day_m = 1*/ | ((DWORD)0 << 11) /* Hour = 0 */ | ((DWORD)0 << 5) /* Min = 0 */ | ((DWORD)0 >> 1); /* Sec = 0 */ }